The selection of welding equipment is an important part of the formulation of welding process, which involves many factors, but the following factors should be paid attention to.

1.被焊结构的技术要求

1. Technical requirements for welded structure

被焊结构的技术要求包括被焊结构的材料特性、结构特点、尺寸、精度要求和结构的使用条件等。

The technical requirements of the welded structure include the material characteristics, structural characteristics, dimensions, accuracy requirements and service conditions of the welded structure.

如果焊接结构材料为普通低碳钢，选用弧焊变压器即可;如果焊接结构要求较高，并且要求低氢型焊条焊接，则要选用直流弧焊机。

If the welding structure material is ordinary low carbon steel, arc welding transformer can be selected; If the requirements for welding structure are high and low hydrogen electrode welding is required, DC arc welding machine shall be selected.

如果是厚大件焊接，则可使用电渣焊机;如果是棒材对接，可选用冷压焊机和电阻对焊机。对活*金属或合金、耐热合金和耐腐蚀合金，根据具体情况，可选用惰性气体保护焊机、等离子弧焊机、电子束焊机等。

If thick and large parts are welded, electroslag welding machine can be used; In case of bar butt welding, cold press welding machine and resistance butt welding machine can be selected. For live metal or alloy, heat-resistant alloy and corrosion-resistant alloy, inert gas shielded welding machine, plasma arc welding machine, electron beam welding machine, etc. can be selected according to specific conditions.

对于大批量结构形式和尺寸固定的焊接结构，可以选用专用焊机。

For large quantities of welding structures with fixed structure and size, special welding machines can be selected.

2.实际使用情况

2. Actual use

不同的焊接设备，可以焊接同一焊件，这就要根据实际使用情况，选择较为合适的焊接设备。

Different welding equipment can weld the same weldment, so it is necessary to select more appropriate welding equipment according to the actual use.

如在野外焊接时缺泛电源和气源，则只能选择柴(汽)油直流弧焊发电机等弧焊发电机作为焊接设备。

In case of lack of flood power and gas source during field welding, only diesel (steam) oil DC arc welding generator and other arc welding generator can be selected as welding equipment.

对焊后不允许再加工或热处理的精密焊件，应选用能*集中、不需添加填充金属材料、热影响区较少、精密度高的电子束焊机。

For precision weldments that are not allowed to be reprocessed or heat treated after butt welding, electron beam welding machines with * concentration, no need to add filler metal materials, less heat affected zone and high precision shall be selected.

3.经济效益

3. Economic benefits

焊接时，焊接设备的能源消耗是相当可观的。选用焊接设备时，应考虑在满足工艺要求的前提下，尽可能选用耗电少、功率因素高的焊接设备。

When welding, the energy consumption of welding equipment is considerable. When selecting welding equipment, it shall be considered to select welding equipment with low power consumption and high power factor as far as possible on the premise of meeting the process requirements.

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